The Confucian Tradition and New Cultural Influences; Neo-Confucianism and The Return of Christianity (738-741)
Neo-Confucianism and Pulp Fiction (SN)
Ming and Quing Dynasty looked to model off of Confucianism
Neo-Confucianism was made by Zhu Xi a 12-century scholar
European missionary came back to convert the Chinese to Christianity
A. Confucian Education (SN)
Song dynasty scholar Zhu Xi was the most prominent architect of Neo-Confucianism.
Combined moral, ethical and political values of Confucious with the logical rigor and speculative power of Buddhist Philosophy.
Confucian education was supported by Ming and Qing emperors because it emphasized obedience to established rulers.
Ming and Qing Emperors funded the Hanlin Academy (research institute) for Confucian scholars in Beiging
The Ming Emperor, Yongle, sponsored the Yongle Encyclopedia which was a vast collection of Chinese philosophy, liturature, and history the filled about 23.000 scrolls.
The Quang Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong both produced similar books
Kangxi's Collection of Books became the most influential even though it was the smallest as it was printed and distributed the widest
Qianlong's Complete Library of the Four Treasuries ran to 93,556 pamphlet-size volumes, it was distributed to seven libraries throughout China
B. Popular Culture (SN)
Imperial Courts promoted Confucianism
Most urban residents had no advanced education and didn't know about Confucius or Zhu Xi
Most were literate merchants but preferred entertainment which was more engaging
Popular novels met their needs.
C. Popular Novels (SN)
Scholars looked down on novels as crude fiction
Printing made publishing books cheap
Most novels had literary merit, but tales of conflict, horror, wonder, excitement, and sometimes unconcealed pornography appealed to readers.
Also romance novels appealed to the people
Some novels reflected upon human affairs such as:
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms which explored the political intrigue after the Han Dynasty (CL)
The Dream of the Red Chamber shed light on the dynamics of the wealthy families (CL)
Journey to the West promoted Buddhism in China(CL)
A. The Return of Christianity to China (SN)
Christians established churches in China as early as the 7th century
Roman Catholic communities were prominent in Chinese commercial centers during the Yuan dynasty.
Christianity disappeared form China after the epidemic plague outbreak.
Missionaries came bad in the 16th century and had to start from scratch.
B. Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), an Italian Jesuit in the Ming court (SN)
learned man who mastered written and oral Chinese
Impressed Chinese with European science and mathematics
Popular mechanical devices were glass prisms, harpsichords, clocks
Ricci corrected Chinese calenders and solar eclipses
Made maps of the world with China place diplomatically at the center
C. Confucianism and Christianity (SN)
Jesuits main goal was to obtain converts
Portrayed christianity very similarly to Chinese cultural traditions.
by the mid 18th century Chinese christians were about at 200,000 which is a tiny proportion compared tho the 225 million.
D. End of the Jesuit Missionary (CL)
The Roman Catholic Mission came to an end when multiple Christian groups in China started to fight
The Franciscian and Dominican orders also sought converts and were jealous of the Jesuit's influence
They appealed to the Pope about the Jesuits preaching in Chinese and letting the worship of ancestors
The Pope made any missionarys promote Christianity in the European style which led to its downfall in China
The Emperor Kangxi was angry at what the Pope had done and banned the missionaries from China
Christianity finally left China in the mid-eighteenth century
The Confucian Tradition and New Cultural Influences; Neo-Confucianism and The Return of Christianity (738-741)
Neo-Confucianism and Pulp Fiction (SN)
- Ming and Quing Dynasty looked to model off of Confucianism
- Neo-Confucianism was made by Zhu Xi a 12-century scholar
- European missionary came back to convert the Chinese to Christianity
A. Confucian Education (SN)- Song dynasty scholar Zhu Xi was the most prominent architect of Neo-Confucianism.
- Combined moral, ethical and political values of Confucious with the logical rigor and speculative power of Buddhist Philosophy.
- Confucian education was supported by Ming and Qing emperors because it emphasized obedience to established rulers.
- Ming and Qing Emperors funded the Hanlin Academy (research institute) for Confucian scholars in Beiging
- The Ming Emperor, Yongle, sponsored the Yongle Encyclopedia which was a vast collection of Chinese philosophy, liturature, and history the filled about 23.000 scrolls.
- The Quang Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong both produced similar books
- Kangxi's Collection of Books became the most influential even though it was the smallest as it was printed and distributed the widest
- Qianlong's Complete Library of the Four Treasuries ran to 93,556 pamphlet-size volumes, it was distributed to seven libraries throughout China
B. Popular Culture (SN)- Imperial Courts promoted Confucianism
- Most urban residents had no advanced education and didn't know about Confucius or Zhu Xi
- Most were literate merchants but preferred entertainment which was more engaging
- Popular novels met their needs.
C. Popular Novels (SN)A. The Return of Christianity to China (SN)
- Christians established churches in China as early as the 7th century
- Roman Catholic communities were prominent in Chinese commercial centers during the Yuan dynasty.
- Christianity disappeared form China after the epidemic plague outbreak.
- Missionaries came bad in the 16th century and had to start from scratch.
B. Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), an Italian Jesuit in the Ming court (SN)- learned man who mastered written and oral Chinese
- Impressed Chinese with European science and mathematics
- Popular mechanical devices were glass prisms, harpsichords, clocks
- Ricci corrected Chinese calenders and solar eclipses
- Made maps of the world with China place diplomatically at the center
C. Confucianism and Christianity (SN)- Jesuits main goal was to obtain converts
- Portrayed christianity very similarly to Chinese cultural traditions.
- by the mid 18th century Chinese christians were about at 200,000 which is a tiny proportion compared tho the 225 million.
D. End of the Jesuit Missionary (CL)